Crystal Reports 13 达到最大报表处理限制的解决方案

在 Visual Studio 2012 版本的 Crystal Reports 13 中存在一个阈值，它将并发报表（包括子报表）限制为每台机器 75 个报表。这意味着如果给定服务器上有 5 个 Web 应用程序，所有 5 个 Web 应用程序中打开的报表总数都会计入 75 个报表的限制。

该错误以不同方式表现，可能导致以下错误：“操作内存不足”或”已达到系统管理员配置的最大报表处理作业限制”。

问题在于报表没有被释放，它们会持续累积直到达到 75 个的限制。要解决这个问题，必须在尽可能早的时间释放报表。这听起来很简单，但实际上并不像看起来那么直接。根据报表的生成方式，有两种场景：第一种是生成 PDF 或 Excel 电子表格，第二种是使用 Crystal Report 查看器。每种场景都有不同的生命周期，在制定解决方案时我们需要考虑这一点。

解决方案

我们需要管理两种报表生命周期：生成的报表（PDF、Excel 电子表格）和 Crystal Report 查看器。

PDF 和 Excel 电子表格在请求期间生成。它们可以在页面卸载事件时释放。Crystal Report 查看器有所不同。它需要跨请求存在并存储在会话中。这使得释放查看器报表有些困难，但并非不可能。

在页面卸载事件时释放查看器是行不通的。查看器具有分页功能，会从服务器请求每个新页面。为了解决这个问题，我们实现了一个报表引用计数器。每次创建报表时，它都会存储在并发字典中。当报表被释放时，报表会从字典中移除。在打开某种类型的报表时，我们检查用户是否已经打开了这个报表，如果有，我们简单地释放现有报表并在其位置打开一个新的。释放报表的其他机会包括会话结束（用户注销）、应用程序结束以及从报表页面导航离开时。

我们的内部 QA 团队测试了未修复版本的 Crystal Reports。Crystal Reports 在大约 100 个并发连接时崩溃。应用修复后，我们的 QA 团队在 750 个并发连接下对服务器进行了负载测试，没有出现任何问题。

另外，我们在释放具有多个子报表的报表时遇到了延迟问题。

public static class ReportFactory
{
static readonly ConcurrentDictionary<string, ConcurrentDictionary<string, UserReport>> _sessions = new ConcurrentDictionary<string, ConcurrentDictionary<string, UserReport>>();

/// <summary>
/// Creates the report dispose on unload.
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
/// <param name="page">The page.</param>
/// <returns>``0.</returns>
public static T CreateReportDisposeOnUnload<T>(this Page page) where T : IDisposable, new()
{
    var report = new T();
    DisposeOnUnload(page, report);
    return report;
}

/// <summary>
/// Disposes on page unload.
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
/// <param name="page">The page.</param>
/// <param name="instance">The instance.</param>
private static void DisposeOnUnload<T>(this Page page, T instance) where T : IDisposable
{
    page.Unload += (s, o) =>
    {
        if (instance != null)
        {
            CloseAndDispose(instance);
        }
    };
}

/// <summary>
/// Unloads the report when user navigates away from report.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="page">The page.</param>
public static void UnloadReportWhenUserNavigatesAwayFromPage(this Page page)
{
    var sessionId = page.Session.SessionID;
    var pageName = Path.GetFileName(page.Request.Url.AbsolutePath);

    var contains = _sessions.ContainsKey(sessionId);

    if (contains)
    {
        var reports = _sessions[sessionId];
        var report = reports.Where(r => r.Value.PageName != pageName).ToList();

        foreach (var userReport in report)
        {
            UserReport instance;

            bool removed = reports.TryRemove(userReport.Key, out instance);

            if (removed)
            {
                CloseAndDispose(instance.Report);
            }
        }
    }
}

/// <summary>
/// Gets the report.
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
/// <returns>ReportClass.</returns>
public static T CreateReportForCrystalReportViewer<T>(this Page page) where T : IDisposable, new()
{
    var report = CreateReport<T>(page);
    return report;
}

/// <summary>
/// Creates the report.
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
/// <param name="page">The page.</param>
/// <returns>``0.</returns>
private static T CreateReport<T>(Page page) where T : IDisposable, new()
{
    MoreThan70ReportsFoundRemoveOldestReport();

    var sessionId = page.Session.SessionID;

    bool containsKey = _sessions.ContainsKey(sessionId);
    var reportKey = typeof(T).FullName;
    var newReport = GetUserReport<T>(page);

    if (containsKey)
    {
        //Get user by session id
        var reports = _sessions[sessionId];

        //check for the report, remove it and dispose it if it exists in the collection
        RemoveReportWhenMatchingTypeFound<T>(reports);

        //add the report to the collection

        reports.TryAdd(reportKey, newReport);

        //add the reports to the user key in the concurrent dictionary
        _sessions[sessionId] = reports;
    }
    else //key does not exist in the collection
    {
        var newDictionary = new ConcurrentDictionary<string, UserReport>();
        newDictionary.TryAdd(reportKey, newReport);

        _sessions[sessionId] = newDictionary;

    }

    return (T)newReport.Report;
}

/// <summary>
/// Ifs the more than 70 reports remove the oldest report.
/// </summary>
private static void MoreThan70ReportsFoundRemoveOldestReport()
{
    var reports = _sessions.SelectMany(r => r.Value).ToList();

    if (reports.Count() > 70)
    {
        //order the reports with the oldest on top.
        var sorted = reports.OrderByDescending(r => r.Value.TimeAdded);

        //remove the oldest
        var first = sorted.FirstOrDefault();
        var key = first.Key;
        var sessionKey = first.Value.SessionId;

        if (first.Value != null)
        {
            //close and depose of the first report
            CloseAndDispose(first.Value.Report);

            var dictionary = _sessions[sessionKey];
            var containsKey = dictionary.ContainsKey(key);

            if (containsKey)
            {
                //remove the disposed report from the collection
                UserReport report;
                dictionary.TryRemove(key, out report);
            }
        }

    }
}

/// <summary>
/// Removes the report if there is a report with a match type.
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
/// <param name="reports">The reports.</param>
private static void RemoveReportWhenMatchingTypeFound<T>(ConcurrentDictionary<string, UserReport> reports) where T : IDisposable, new()
{
    var key = typeof(T).FullName;
    var containsKey = reports.ContainsKey(key);

    if (containsKey)
    {
        UserReport instance;

        bool removed = reports.TryRemove(key, out instance);

        if (removed)
        {
            CloseAndDispose(instance.Report);
        }

    }
}

/// <summary>
/// Removes the reports for session.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sessionId">The session identifier.</param>
public static void RemoveReportsForSession(string sessionId)
{
    var containsKey = _sessions.ContainsKey(sessionId);

    if (containsKey)
    {
        ConcurrentDictionary<string, UserReport> session;

        var removed = _sessions.TryRemove(sessionId, out session);

        if (removed)
        {
            foreach (var report in session.Where(r => r.Value.Report != null))
            {
                CloseAndDispose(report.Value.Report);
            }
        }
    }
}

/// <summary>
/// Closes the and dispose.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="report">The report.</param>
private static void CloseAndDispose(IDisposable report)
{
    report.Dispose();
}

/// <summary>
/// Gets the user report.
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
/// <returns>UserReport.</returns>
private static UserReport GetUserReport<T>(Page page) where T : IDisposable, new()
{
    string onlyPageName = Path.GetFileName(page.Request.Url.AbsolutePath);

    var report = new T();
    var userReport = new UserReport { PageName = onlyPageName, TimeAdded = DateTime.UtcNow, Report = report, SessionId = page.Session.SessionID };

    return userReport;
}

/// <summary>
/// Removes all reports.
/// </summary>
public static void RemoveAllReports()
{
    foreach (var session in _sessions)
    {
        foreach (var report in session.Value)
        {
            if (report.Value.Report != null)
            {
                CloseAndDispose(report.Value.Report);
            }
        }

        //remove all the disposed reports
        session.Value.Clear();
    }

    //empty the collection
    _sessions.Clear();
}

private class UserReport
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Gets or sets the time added.
    /// </summary>
    /// <value>The time added.</value>
    public DateTime TimeAdded { get; set; }

    /// <summary>
    /// Gets or sets the report.
    /// </summary>
    /// <value>The report.</value>
    public IDisposable Report { get; set; }

    /// <summary>
    /// Gets or sets the session identifier.
    /// </summary>
    /// <value>The session identifier.</value>
    public string SessionId { get; set; }

    /// <summary>
    /// Gets or sets the name of the page.
    /// </summary>
    /// <value>The name of the page.</value>
    public string PageName { get; set; }
}
}